工控機在高速公路行業的應用現狀及發展趨勢
工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)(zai)高(gao)(gao)速公(gong)路行業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)現狀及發(fa)展(zhan)趨勢(shi) 2006-8-21 9:50:32 未(wei)知來(lai)源 供稿(gao) [ 前(qian)言 > 針對目(mu)前(qian)如(ru)火如(ru)荼的(de)(de)(de) ITS （ Intelligent Transportation System 智能交通系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)） , 本文通 過詳細介紹工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)現狀及結(jie)構特(te)點，結(jie)合在(zai)(zai)(zai)公(gong)路機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)情況(kuang)及發(fa)展(zhan)趨勢(shi)， 旨在(zai)(zai)(zai)讓更(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)業(ye)主和集成商能進(jin)一步了解工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)產(chan)品， 以選擇更(geng)適用(yong)(yong)、 更(geng)好(hao)(hao)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品， 使系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong) 的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)、維護(hu)、管(guan)理發(fa)揮更(geng)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，創造出更(geng)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)效率。 [ 定義(yi) > 工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)即工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)， 是一種采用(yong)(yong)總(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)結(jie)構， 對生產(chan)過程及其(qi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)設備、 工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝裝備 進(jin)行檢測與(yu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)總(zong)(zong)(zong)稱。具(ju)有重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)屬性和特(te)征(zheng)如(ru)具(ju)有計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji) CPU 、硬(ying)盤(pan)、內(nei) 存、外設及接口(kou)、并有實(shi)時的(de)(de)(de)操作(zuo)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)網絡和協議，計(ji)算(suan)(suan)能力，友好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)界面。 [ 分類(lei) > 1983 年工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)被列入國(guo)(guo)(guo)家計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)系(xi)列型(xing)譜及發(fa)展(zhan)規劃， 當前(qian)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)類(lei)別有： IPC(PC 總(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)電(dian)腦(nao)簡稱工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye) PC) 、 PLC （可(ke)編程控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)） 、 DCS （分散(san)型(xing)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)） 、 FCS （現場總(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)）及 CNC （數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)）五種。據(ju) IDC 統(tong)(tong)(tong)計(ji) 2000 年國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)各自的(de)(de)(de)市場比 例對比見附表一： 由于 IPC （工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye) PC ）可(ke)充分利用(yong)(yong)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)技術的(de)(de)(de)進(jin)步，便(bian)(bian)于更(geng)新(xin)換代，所運行的(de)(de)(de)軟(ruan)件與(yu) 普通 PC 完全(quan)一樣， 便(bian)(bian)于軟(ruan)件的(de)(de)(de)開發(fa)和調試， 所以是目(mu)前(qian)發(fa)展(zhan)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)最(zui)快(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)型(xing)， 其(qi)它的(de)(de)(de)各種 類(lei)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)在(zai)(zai)(zai)早期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)公(gong)路收費系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)有應(ying)用(yong)(yong)，但(dan)現在(zai)(zai)(zai)已(yi)不再采用(yong)(yong)。 [IPC 結(jie)構 > IPC ：即基于 PC 總(zong)(zong)(zong)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)電(dian)腦(nao)。據(ju) 2000 年 IDC 統(tong)(tong)(tong)計(ji)目(mu)前(qian) PC 機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)已(yi)占(zhan)到通用(yong)(yong)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji) 的(de)(de)(de) 95 ％以上(shang)，因(yin)其(qi)價(jia)格低、質量高(gao)(gao)、產(chan)量大(da)、軟(ruan)、硬(ying)件資源豐(feng)富，已(yi)被廣大(da)的(de)(de)(de)技術人(ren)員所
